m foote



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet l.

T. M. FOOTE.

TBLEGRAPHY.

170,270,775. Patented Jan.16,1883.

u. PEI'ERS. Pholu liflmgnphsr. Waminglon, n. c.

(No Model.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 2. T. M POOTE.

TELEGRAPHY.

Patented Jan. 16,1883.

IHH HI HH jll 'fl i l rii "I,

N. PETERS PMOLW VIM D. C.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

T. M. POOTE.

TELEGRAPHY.

No. 270,775. Patented Jan. 16,1883.

(No Model.)

T. M. FOOTE.

TELBGRAPHY.

No. 270,775. X

O0 0000 OO 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Jan.16,1883.-

PATENT Fries.

THEODORE M. FOOIE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TELEGRAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 270,775, dated January16, 1883,

' Application filed April 27, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, THEODORE M. Foo'rE, ofNew York, in thevcounty of New York and State of New York, have inventeda new and Improved System of Telegraphy; and I do hereby declare thatthe following is a. full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to a system of electrotelegraphy, which I prefer todistinguish. by the name of Footes telegraph system, to a form ofperforated fillet, and to an ink writer or recorder adapted to thissystem.

It consists of a receiving-instrument, of construction hereinafterdescribed, in which two pens are operated alternately, one by electricalimpulse overthe line and the other by a local force, whereby impulses ofa single polarity transmitted over the line are utilized to make arecord in dots and dashes on one line, while other dots and dashes,constituting the other part of the complete record, are made in theintervals between the impulses aforesaid.

It consists, further, of an improved fillet adapted to be used inconnection with the said receiving or recording instrument.

In automatic telegraphy in which an ink record is made, and which hascertain advantages over the chemical system, not necessary to specifyhere, it has been found necessary to use alternate impulses of oppositepolarity to operate the inking devices and to prevent tailing. Thisrequires at least one impulse for every recorded mark. 4

My object is to cause impulses of a single polarity to operate oneinking or marking. device, and at the same time tocause therecording-instrument, by means of the breaks, to-record dots and dashesin another line upon the fillet, the two lines, one caused by thecurrent and the other by the. breaks in the same instrument, composing acomplete and intelligible record. I thus reduce the work of thetransmitting-instrument and double the speed of the apparatus. Thegeneral plan by which I accomplish this result includes arecordinginstrument in which both inking devices are adapted to bebrought alternately into contact with the paper,one remaining in contactwhen not moved by an electrical impulse, and the other brought intocontact with the paper by said impulse, which at the same time moves thefirst out of contact. It includes, further, a trausmit-t'ingfilletperforated in one line by asystem of holes,in which system single holesor'groups of holes are arranged with interposed blank spaces betweenholes or groups of holes, these blank spaces in the fillet being of suchlength as to cause the inking device operated by the break, or duringthe interval of the break, to be composed of lines of the same length asthe lines caused by the impulses transmitted by the holes or groups ofholes. In other words, the record is made up of a single line or row ofholes in which a single hole transmits an impulse to form'a dot upon thefillet moving under the inkingdevice .at uniform and regulated speed inthe receiving-instrument; or a group of holes placed closely together,so as to transmit practically a continuous impulse, records in likemanner a dash corresponding in length to the length of the group, whilethe spaces between said groups cause breaks, during which thereceiving-instrument is, so to speak, self-recording, the short breaks,caused by the short spaces, forming on the receiving-fillet dots, Whilethe long breaks, caused by the long spaces, form dashes corresponding inlength to the length of the spaces. This will be described more fullyhereinafter, and is illustrated in the drawings.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows a side elevation of thereceiving-instrument. Fig. 2 shows a top view of the same, with a partbroken away. Fig. 3 is an end elevation. Fig. 4 is a top view enlarged.Figs. 5, 6, and 7 show details of construction. Fig. 8 is a horizontalsection on line as w of Fig. 1. Figs. 9, 10, and 11 represent details.Fig. 12 shows a suitable form of transmitter; Fig. 13, the fillet withits perforations, and with the record in a line parallel therewith, eachmark being made opposite the perforation or group of perforations andthe spaces by which they are caused. Fig. llisa modification.

is a diagram illustrating a method of working the system hereindescribed on a local circuit with a single set of magnets and springs.Fig. 16 is a similar diagram, showing the method of working the systemon a local circuit with 106 two sets of recording-magnets.

Iuthese drawings, A A represents any suit- Fig. 15 5 to f, the ends ofwhich are held in slotted arms 9, Figs. 1 and 10, and they are presseddown by light springs 1, by means of which the roller is held in properworking contact with its drive-wheel D.

Upon the shaft of the wheel D is a cogged wheel, I), which, through atrain ofgearing, 71,2, and It, drives a fly, K. A set-screw, 2, passedthrough a threaded hole in the frame, may be brought to bear against thewheel, which forms one end of the fly, to stop the machine. The devicesabove described serve to move the inking-roller and to regulate thespeed.

In order to move the paper fillet, I provide rollers L and M. The lower,L, has a pinion, Z, upon its shaft, gearing into the pinion d, andreceiving motion therefrom. Its bearings are in the standards N. Theroller M is in contact with L, the ends of its shaft projecting intoslots in the standards N, as shown'in Fig. 1. It is pressed down bymeans of springs 3, the tension of which is regulated by screws setvertically into the ends of the standards, above the springs, as shownat 4 in Fig. 2. The rollers are finely milled to take proper hold of thepaper. Mounted in the same standards, above this pressure-roller M, is ashaft, on, upon which is a loose sleeve, n. This sleeve has at one end afixed collar, 12, carrying a pin, 0, projecting parallel with the sleeveand near to it. Near the other end of the sleeve is a collar, p, loosethereon. The collar 19 is held to the sleeve by means of a set-screw, 6,and the sleeve is held to the shaft m by another set screw, 7, passingthrough the collar 19. These devices guide the fillet to the pens, andthe construction described permits lateral movement of the collars toadjust them to different widths of the strip. They may be turned uponthe shaft m to bring the pin 0 into any proper position suitable toproperly hold the paper.

The pens are carried upon arms q q, pivoted at 8 8. They consist ofwheels9 10, adapted to turn freely on said arms. They are shown moreclearly in Fig. 11. They have very slight vertical movement between theroller M and the inking-roller, touching on each side of the centralperipheral line thereof, slightly in the rear. 11 12 on a rock-shaft, P,by means of pins set in said arms and projecting underneath the arms qq. bar, 0*, fixed to the frame in a post, Q, at the end. It is providedwith an armature, s, set in a block, 13, fixed to the rock-shaft. ThisThey are operated by means of arms.

This shaft is supported in a bent armature, when not acted upon by themagnet, is drawn to one side by means of a spring, 14, which connects itto a thumb-screw in the frame. A temporary magnet, R, is set in theframe, to the core of which is fixed a metal piece, 15, projectingtoward the free end of the armature s, but leaving space for thevibration of said armature sufiicient to give the shaft P the propermotion to move the pens from the inking-roller to the paper. The forceof the spring 14is so adjusted to that of the temporary magnet that themagnet will overcome the spring when under the full influence of theelectrical current, but the spring will overcome the magnet when saidcurrent is materially diminished. The result of this construction isthat the pen 10 on the arm q remains in contact with the paper when thecircuit in the line connected with the helix of the temporary magnet isbroken, but will be removed from the paper when the circuit is closed,the arm q falling by gravity as soon as the supporting-pin has dropped.This dropping of the pin, which raises and supports the pen 10, occurswhen the pen 9 is lifted by the other pin and arm, 11, or when the pen 9is brought into contact with the paper; but upon the cessation ofthecurrent, or when it is materially diminished in force, the constantforce of the spring returns the pen 10 to the paper and holds it thereonuntil the spring is again overcome by'the force of the temporary magnet,due to the closing of the circuit. Thus the pens may be made to touchthe paper alternately, and may be held thereto for anylength of timerequired, the one, which may be called the line pen,being held incontact by the current, and the other, which may be called the springpen, being held ip place by the spring during the breaks in the current,and as the duration of the makes and breaks may both be accuratelydetermined in respect to their length both pens are alike under accuratecontrol, and both may be made to record dots and dashes of a determinedlength. Further, as will now be apparent, the instrument is continuallyworking, as well during the cessation of the currentas during itscontinuance, the breaks forming that part of the record contained in oneline, exactly as the makes form their proper record in the other, andthe marks which go to make up the record are practically double thenumber of impulses sent.

The transmitter is of very simple and ordinary construction, and isillustrated in the diagram Fig. 12, in which S is an ordinarycontact-drum in electrical connection with one pole of a battery, T, theother pole of which is connected to the earth. The fillet U passes overthis drum and under the brush V, which is in electrical connection withthe line.

The fillet U is shown in Fig. 13,in which ICO the method of perforationis fully illustrated.

space dash by means. of the line-pen, made op posite thereto. Nextfollows a space, (marked 2,) the length of which is to produce a singledash on the recording-fillet by means of the spring-pen, which indicatesthe letter T. Following this is a group of four perforations, so closeto each other that the current transmitted thereby is practicallycontinuous. This brings again into action the line-pen, causing the dashopposite to said group, and representing the space between the holes.After the group marked 4 is a short space, 5, interrupting the currentlong enough to permit the spring-pen to form the dash opposite thereto.This is succeeded by a single perforation, 6, causing the line-pen tomake a dot in the other rowa perforation repeated to complete thefourdots representing the letter H. Then follows the blankspace,altcrnatingwith the perforation and causing the springpen again to alternate withtheline-pen, forming a space-dash opposite the 7. A perforation andshort space (marked 8) cause the pens to operate successively and formtwo dots, representing the letter I. The next spacing-dash alternateswith the last dot, and is formed by a group of perforations, (marked 9.)After this group a short blank, a single perforation, followed byanother short blank, (marked 10,) causes the receiving-instrumenttorecord three dots, representing the letter S. This is sufficient toillustrate fully the principle andmode of operation throughout the wholealphabet.

I have shown in the receiving-instrument a spring adapted to workalternately with the temporary magnet and in a contrary directionthereto; but a weight may be used for the same purpose.

Instead of aweight, I may use an additional temporary'magnet as a localmeans for operating the spring-pen, without an impulse over the mainline, as illustrated in Fig. 14. In this figure, R represents thetemporary magnet, heretofore described, and s the armature upon therock-shaft. R represents another temporary magnet, the helix of which isin the circuit of a local battery, X. The pole of the magnet E islocated, as shown, so as to draw the armature s away from that of R, andto apply the pen 10 to the paper, the force of the battery X beingsutficieut for that purpose; but outside the helix of the magnet R, inthe circuit of the local battery, is another coil re- Versely wound andplaced in theline. A resistance, w, is placed in the circuit of thelocal battery, and the apparatus is so adjusted that the current fromthe line counterbalances the local battery and demagnetizes the core ofR at the same instant that the core of R is rendered magnetic. When theline-circuit is broken the localcircuit,which is always closed, resumesits action unchecked and instantly draws to itself the armature s, andduring the break applies the pen 10. The action is in all respects thesame as that described in connection with the spring.

The Diagrams 15 and 16 on Sheet 5 illustrate the method of working thesystem on a local circuit. In Diagram 15 a single set ofrecording-magnets is shown at 1%, the armature of which, a, is mountedupon pivots,-and is to be moved one way by a spring, in the same manneras shown in the recording-instrument above described. The magnets areconnected by a line, I, to armature of relay- A, including alocalbattery, B. The other end of the helix of the recording-magnets R isconnected by the line Z, as shown in the figure, by a screw, to the backplatinum point, 0,though it may, with the same result, be connected tothe front point, 0. The magnet of the relay A is included in the lines de, the former of which is the linein and the latter the line out, or toearth, according to the position of the station, whether terminal orimmediate. if the local circuit is connected to the back relay-screw,then this circuit will be closed when the line is open and open when theline is closed. If the connection of the line 1" be made with the frontrclay-screw, then the local circuit' is closed when the line is closedand open when theline is open. In Diagram 16 the relay and the mainconnection are the same, and indicated by the same letters; but insteadof the spring in the recorder- I use a second set of magnets, R, one setbeing connected to the relay-screw of c and the other to that of 0.connected to both sets of recording-magnets by wires m m".

It will be understood from an arrangement shownin Diagram 16 that whenthe main line is closed the front relay-screw will complete the localcircuit for one set of record-magnets, and the rear relay-screw willcomplete the 10- cal circuit of the other set of magnets when the lineis closed. Thus the armature of the recorder is operated both on theopening and closing ofthe circuit of the main line.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In areceiving-instrument, two pens supported on suitable levers, adapted toform'a record on the receiving-fillet in two lines, a temporary magnetin the line-circuit, mechanism, as described,intermediate between thepen-arms and the armature of the temporary magnet, whereby an electricalimpulse over the line operates the said intermediate mechanism to applyone pen to the fillet, and mechanism, substantially as described,connected to said intermediatemechanism, adapted to apply the other penin the intervals between the said electricalimpulses.

2. In a receiving-instrument, two pens on suitable arms, a rock-shafthaving arms adapt ed to operate on the pens alternately, an armatureconnected to said rock-shaft, a temporary magnet in the main line,adapted to operate through said armature on the rock-shaft to apply onepen to the fillet, and a spring orweight connected to the shaft andarranged The local battery B is IIO to operate tween the impulses.

3. In a receiver of substantially the class described, two pens arrangedto form a record in two lines, a rocking shaft provided with arms actingon the pen-levers, and an armature, and a temporary magnet in theline-cireuit, whereby the armature is drawn to one side when the circuitis closed and one pen applied to the paper, in combination with devices,substantially as described, acting, when the circuit is broken, to drawthe armature in the opposite direction and apply the other pen,substantially as described.

4. A transmitting-fillet adapted to transmit in accordance with thedescribed system, consisting of perforations and groups of perforatheother pen in the intervals be- I tions in one line, said perforationsand groups of perforations being arranged in the fillet to transmitimpulses of greater or less duration to form dots and dashes, and alsoconsisting of interposed spaces fitted to cause breaks of differentlengths adapted to the formation of .dots and dashes on thereceiving-fillet, said transmitting-fillet being combined and operatingin connection with the transmitting-instrument, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony WhereofI have signed my name to this specification in thepresence oftwo subscribing witnesses. V

THEODORE M. FOOTE. Witnesses:

R0131. A. MoRRIsoN, LoUIs SIMON.

